The following code example is taken from the book
The C++ Standard Library - A Tutorial and Reference, 2nd Edition
by Nicolai M. Josuttis, Addison Wesley Longman, 2012
Copyright © 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. and Nicolai M. Josuttis
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// create empty vector for strings
vector<string> sentence;
// reserve memory for five elements to avoid reallocation
sentence.reserve(5);
// append some elements
sentence.push_back("Hello,");
sentence.insert(sentence.end(),{"how","are","you","?"});
// print elements separated with spaces
copy (sentence.cbegin(), sentence.cend(),
ostream_iterator<string>(cout," "));
cout << endl;
// print "technical data"
cout << " max_size(): " << sentence.max_size() << endl;
cout << " size(): " << sentence.size() << endl;
cout << " capacity(): " << sentence.capacity() << endl;
// swap second and fourth element
swap (sentence[1], sentence[3]);
// insert element "always" before element "?"
sentence.insert (find(sentence.begin(),sentence.end(),"?"),
"always");
// assign "!" to the last element
sentence.back() = "!";
// print elements separated with spaces
copy (sentence.cbegin(), sentence.cend(),
ostream_iterator<string>(cout," "));
cout << endl;
// print some "technical data" again
cout << " size(): " << sentence.size() << endl;
cout << " capacity(): " << sentence.capacity() << endl;
// delete last two elements
sentence.pop_back();
sentence.pop_back();
// shrink capacity (since C++11)
sentence.shrink_to_fit();
// print some "technical data" again
cout << " size(): " << sentence.size() << endl;
cout << " capacity(): " << sentence.capacity() << endl;
}